Journal: Journal of Inflammation Research

Article Title: Pharmacological Inhibition of Galectin-3 Ameliorates Diabetes-Associated Cognitive Impairment, Oxidative Stress and Neuroinflammation in vivo and in vitro

doi: 10.2147/JIR.S273858

Figure Lengend Snippet: Galectin-3 (Gal3) inhibitor modified citrus pectin (MCP) improves insulin sensitivity in T2DM rats. Notes: Effects of MCP on the levels of FBG ( A ), FINS ( B ), HOMA-IR ( C ), and serum Gal3 ( D ) in T2DM rats. The data are from three independent experiments. a P <0.05, b P <0.01 compared to the control rats; c P <0.05, d P <0.01 compared to the T2DM rats. Abbreviations: T2DM, type 2 diabetes mellitus; MCP, modified citrus pectin; FBG, fasting blood glucose; FINS, fasting insulin; HOMA-IR, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance.

Article Snippet: MCP is Gal3 activity inhibitor, obtained from Centrax International Corporation, San Francisco, USA.

Techniques: Modification

Journal: Journal of Inflammation Research

Article Title: Pharmacological Inhibition of Galectin-3 Ameliorates Diabetes-Associated Cognitive Impairment, Oxidative Stress and Neuroinflammation in vivo and in vitro

doi: 10.2147/JIR.S273858

Figure Lengend Snippet: Galectin-3 (Gal3) inhibitor modified citrus pectin (MCP) improves cognitive function in T2DM rats. Notes: ( A ) No significant differences were found in escape latency during the 2-day visible platform test. ( B ) Changes in escape latency during the 3-day invisible platform test. a P <0.05, b P <0.01 compared to the control rats; c P <0.05, d P <0.01 compared to the T2DM rats. Abbreviations: T2DM, type 2 diabetes mellitus; MCP, modified citrus pectin.

Article Snippet: MCP is Gal3 activity inhibitor, obtained from Centrax International Corporation, San Francisco, USA.

Techniques: Modification

Journal: Journal of Inflammation Research

Article Title: Pharmacological Inhibition of Galectin-3 Ameliorates Diabetes-Associated Cognitive Impairment, Oxidative Stress and Neuroinflammation in vivo and in vitro

doi: 10.2147/JIR.S273858

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effects of Galectin-3 (Gal3) Inhibitor MCP on ROS Level, MDA and Protein Carbonyl Contents, and Antioxidant Enzymes Catalase in Hippocampus and Cerebral Cortex of HFD/STZ-Induced T2DM Rats

Article Snippet: MCP is Gal3 activity inhibitor, obtained from Centrax International Corporation, San Francisco, USA.

Techniques: Activity Assay

Journal: Journal of Inflammation Research

Article Title: Pharmacological Inhibition of Galectin-3 Ameliorates Diabetes-Associated Cognitive Impairment, Oxidative Stress and Neuroinflammation in vivo and in vitro

doi: 10.2147/JIR.S273858

Figure Lengend Snippet: Galectin-3 (Gal3) inhibitor modified citrus pectin (MCP) attenuates neuroinflammation in T2DM rats. Notes: MCP decreases the levels of IL-1β ( A ), IL-6 ( B ), and TNF-α ( C ) in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex in T2DM rats. a P <0.05, b P <0.01 compared to the control rats; c P <0.05, d P <0.01 compared to the T2DM rats. Abbreviations: T2DM, type 2 diabetes mellitus; MCP, modified citrus pectin; IL-1β, interleukin-1β; IL-6, interleukin-6; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-alpha.

Article Snippet: MCP is Gal3 activity inhibitor, obtained from Centrax International Corporation, San Francisco, USA.

Techniques: Modification

Journal: Journal of Inflammation Research

Article Title: Pharmacological Inhibition of Galectin-3 Ameliorates Diabetes-Associated Cognitive Impairment, Oxidative Stress and Neuroinflammation in vivo and in vitro

doi: 10.2147/JIR.S273858

Figure Lengend Snippet: Galectin-3 (Gal3) inhibitor modified citrus pectin (MCP) improves the viability of BV-2 microglial cells. Notes: ( A ) The effects of different concentrations of glucose and mannitol on BV-2 cells. ( B ) Effects of the Gal3 inhibitor MCP on HG-stimulated BV-2 cells. The MTT assay was used to measure cell viability. The ratio of the OD value of each group to that of the control group was calculated as the cell viability. a P <0.05, b P <0.01 compared to the control cells; c P <0.05, d P <0.01 compared to the HG-stimulated cells. Abbreviations: MCP, modified citrus pectin; HG, high glucose.

Article Snippet: MCP is Gal3 activity inhibitor, obtained from Centrax International Corporation, San Francisco, USA.

Techniques: Modification, MTT Assay

Journal: Journal of Inflammation Research

Article Title: Pharmacological Inhibition of Galectin-3 Ameliorates Diabetes-Associated Cognitive Impairment, Oxidative Stress and Neuroinflammation in vivo and in vitro

doi: 10.2147/JIR.S273858

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effects of Galectin-3 (Gal3) Inhibitor MCP on ROS Level, MDA and Protein Carbonyl Contents, and Antioxidant Enzymes Catalase in High Glucose Exposed BV-2 Microglial Cells

Article Snippet: MCP is Gal3 activity inhibitor, obtained from Centrax International Corporation, San Francisco, USA.

Techniques: Activity Assay

Journal: Journal of Inflammation Research

Article Title: Pharmacological Inhibition of Galectin-3 Ameliorates Diabetes-Associated Cognitive Impairment, Oxidative Stress and Neuroinflammation in vivo and in vitro

doi: 10.2147/JIR.S273858

Figure Lengend Snippet: Galectin-3 (Gal3) inhibitor modified citrus pectin (MCP) attenuates inflammation in high glucose (HG)-stimulated BV-2 cells. Notes: The BV-2 cells were pretreated with 0.01% MCP for 24 h before being treated with 100 mM glucose for 24 h. The levels of IL-1β ( A ), IL-6 ( B ), and TNF-α ( C ) in the cell supernatant were measured. a P <0.05, b P <0.01 compared to the control cells; c P <0.05, d P <0.01 compared to the HG-stimulated cells. Abbreviations: MCP, modified citrus pectin; IL-1β, interleukin-1β; IL-6, interleukin-6; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-alpha; HG, high glucose.

Article Snippet: MCP is Gal3 activity inhibitor, obtained from Centrax International Corporation, San Francisco, USA.

Techniques: Modification